*4.3. Analytical Methods*

Total organic carbon (TOC), five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), total suspended solids (TSS), ammonia, surfactants, pH, and conductivity were determined according to the standard methods.

TOC was determined using a TOC-L analyzer (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) with an OCT-L8-port sampler (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan). Chromatographic analysis was conducted with an Agilent 7890A (Santa Clara, CA, USA) gas chromatograph coupled with a Leco TruTOF (St. Joseph, MI, USA) mass spectrometer. The detailed methodology is described elsewhere [33].
