**Preface to "Neuroendocrine Control of Energy Metabolism"**

The control of energy metabolism is a central event for cell, organ, and organism survival. There are many control levels in energy metabolism, although in this Special Issue (edited by G.C. Panzica, S. Gotti, and P. Collado), we concentrated on the neuroendocrine control which is operated through specialized neural circuits controlling both food intake and energy expenditure.

A series of reviews covered different topics, in particular, the involvement of circumventricular organs in the neuroendocrine control of metabolism (Jeong et al.), the involvement of the amygdala (Pined et al.), the glial cell, and especially astrocites (De Bernardis Murat and Garcia-Caceres) through the lactate cycle (Veloz Castillo et al.), and the relationships among the brown fat tissue and the neuroendocrine circuits (Lizcano and Arroyave).

In addition, several research papers have been added to this Special Issue, involving the impact of the diet on the IGF system (Guerra-Cantera et al.), as well as on the gut microbiota ( Merkley et al.). Three papers are dedicated to the action of endocrine disruptors in adult life (Marraudino et al. a), and on the effects of perinatal administered genistein (Fernandez-Garcia et al., Marraudino et al. b). Finally, the last paper discusses the effects of growth restrictions on metabolism (Taylor et al.).

The topics discussed in this Special Issue are of particular interest for those involved in the study of relationships among metabolic diseases and neuroendocrine circuits.

> **Giancarlo Panzica, Stefano Gotti, and Paloma Collado Guirao** *Editors*
