**Blaire J. Langston 1,\* and Noa Kekuewa Lincoln 2,\***


Received: 31 July 2018; Accepted: 18 October 2018; Published: 31 October 2018

**Abstract:** The Hawaiian Islands today are faced with a complex mix of sustainability challenges regarding food systems. After European arrival, there was a change of dietary customs and decline in traditional Hawaiian agriculture along with the cultural mechanisms which sustained them. Recently, there has been a resurgence for local food and culture alongside an enthusiasm for breadfruit (*Artocarpus altilis*)—a Polynesian staple crop. To investigate the role of breadfruit and biocultural restoration in Hawai'i, we conducted surveys and interviews with local breadfruit producers. Overall, we found that breadfruit has the potential to provide holistic, practical and appropriate solutions to key issues in Hawai'i, including food security, environmental degradation and public health, while simultaneously lending to the revival of cultural norms and social relationships. As breadfruit cultivation expands rapidly in Hawai'i, the opportunities for increased social and environmental benefits can be realized if appropriately encouraged.

**Keywords:** breadfruit; biocultural restoration; sustainability; food systems; Hawai'i; *Artocarpus altilis*
