**4. Conclusions**

In a comparison of the monitored wheat species, the largest amount of the chaff is generated after processing of Spelt wheat (33.23% removal rate) with an average HHV value of 17.74 MJ kg−<sup>1</sup> and LHV 15.9 MJ kg<sup>−</sup>1. Compared to that, in the case of Einkorn and Emmer 26.16% resp. 23.82% of chaff with HHV 16.99 MJ kg−<sup>1</sup> resp. 16.92 MJ kg−<sup>1</sup> and LHV 15.16 MJ kg−<sup>1</sup> resp. 15.14 MJ kg−<sup>1</sup> can be expected. Based on the yields obtained in field trials, a potential energy gain of 26.41 GJ ha−<sup>1</sup> for spelt wheat, 19.84 GJ ha−<sup>1</sup> for Einkorn, and 18.03 GJ ha−<sup>1</sup> for Emmer wheat can be predicted. Only Spelt wheat is grown in the Czech Republic at around 3400 ha per year, and the energy potential of chaff at 50–90 TJ year−<sup>1</sup> concerning the yield can be estimated. This can be expressed by the lignite equivalent (with LHV of 9.9 MJ kg−1) corresponding to a very rough estimate of 103.3–206.5 boxcars/wagons of lignite. Concerning the environmental aspects, hulled wheat chaff is an interesting alternative energy source, ideally in the region of cultivation and processing. Regarding the assessment of the environmental aspects, it is also necessary to choose an appropriate allocation approach. According to study results, when using the mass allocation principle, the share of the total environmental load associated with the production of chaff is 9.0%–12.8%, but when using the economy allocation principle, it is only 3.8%–5.8%. An appropriate allocation approach can improve the quality of data and their interpretation. The results also show that hulled wheat chaff can be a cheaper source of energy compared to lignite.

**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, J.B.; methodology, J.B. and P.K.; software, J.B.; validation, J.B., P.K., D.V.B., R.I.T. and D.B.; formal analysis, J.B.; investigation, J.B.; resources, J.B.; data curation, J.B.; writing—original draft preparation, J.B.; writing—review and editing, J.B.; visualization, J.B.; supervision, J.B. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This research received no external funding

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.
