*2.2. Procurement of Coating Material*

Chitosan (origin: crab shells), beeswax (yellow soft), gallic acid (MW: 170.12), Folin-Ciocalteu (2 N), glycerol (MW: 92.09), tween 20 (conductivity: 50 μS/cm), acetic acid (≥99.5%) and NaOCl (4–4.99% available chlorine) were purchased form Sigma Aldrich, USA. Fresh *Aloe vera* plants were harvested from a local nursery in Faisalabad, Pakistan.
