*3.1. Wind Energy Statistics*

Several various methods exist for fitting the observed data of the given location [37] to the PDF. We used the method of the maximum likelihood estimators for PDF fitting [38]. The corresponding Weibull PDF for the wind speed distribution at the Merom Golan site, together with their distribution histogram, is shown below at Figure 1. (The authors are willing to share their data set in Excel format with those who wish to replicate the results of this research).

The figure demonstrates visually that low and moderate winds are widespread, with a tight condensation at the primary segment, which means that storms are just rare. It should be noticed that the distribution approximation by a Weibull PDF in this case is not perfect, although we could nevertheless obtain the wind principal statistical parameters approximately based on it.

Estimated annual parameters of the wind Weibull distribution were found to be *k* = 1.7228 and *λ* = 4.1206 m/s. In addition, we calculated (excess) kurtosis (a measure of the PDF sharpness) to be 2.1757, and skewness (a measure of the PDF asymmetry) as 0.0574, which were calculated to demonstrate the specific type of the Weibull PDF.

The main meaningful statistical parameter for the planning of the wind turbine installation, the speed mean, was obtained at 3.73 m/s, with standard deviation of 2.03 m/s, during the given period, with a positive right-skewed tail. This finding, in accordance with the Israeli Cooperative for Renewable Energy conclusions [39], indicates the possibility of wind energy exploitation in the investigated region.

**Figure 1.** The Weibull PDF diagram for the Merom Golan wind speed distribution (on top of the distribution histogram).
