2.2.3. Biomass DGs

The biomass generators (BGs) are firm generation DGs. The resulted BGs power is constant with no associated uncertainties in its rated value. The BG active and reactive powers at bus *i* can be expressed as in [36]:

$$Q\_{BG,i} = a\_i \times P\_{BG,i} \tag{18}$$

$$a\_i = \pm \tan\left(\cos^{-1}(PF\_{BG,i})\right) \tag{19}$$

where *QBG,i* and *PBG,i* are the reactive and active powers associated with BG unit *i*, respectively. *PFBG,i* refers to the lag/lead operating biomass power factor, and *a<sup>i</sup>* takes positive or negative signs for the BG when supplying and consuming reactive powers, respectively.

**Figure 2.** Evaluation of WT output power considering the uncertainties in wind speed.
