*3.2. Attacking Behavior*

Sooty terns can modify their speed and attack angle during migration. They gain altitude by flapping their wings. They produce spherical behavior in the air while attacking prey, which is explained below.

$$\mathbf{x}\prime = \mathcal{R}\_{\text{radius}} \sin(i) \tag{8}$$

$$y\prime = \mathcal{R}\_{adius} \cos(i) \tag{9}$$

$$zt = \mathbb{R}\_{\text{radius}}i\tag{10}$$

$$
\sigma = \mathfrak{u} e^{k\upsilon} \tag{11}
$$

where, *Radius* denotes the radius of each spiral turn, *i* signifies the value in the range of [0 ≤ *k* ≤ 2π], and the *u* and *v* are the constant values.
