2.3.5. Coping Orientation to Problem Experienced—New Italian Version (COPE-NVI)

This scale evaluates coping styles and asks participants to evaluate the frequency with which they perform specific coping strategies in difficult or stressful situations [28]. The instructions ask participants not to refer to a specific episode, but rather to think about how they usually behave in stressful situations.

In this study only 8 out of the original 25 items were selected; the response alternatives of the chosen items were on a five-point scale ranging from "Never" (0) to "Very often" (4).
