Statistical Analysis

Descriptive statistics, such as the mean (*M*), standard deviation (SD), range, standard error (SE), and 95% confidential intervals (CI) with lower limit (LL) and upper limit (UL) calculated for the total sample. Pearson's χ<sup>2</sup> test of independence was performed to find an association between physical activity (PA) before and during the coronavirus pandemic. A two-way ANOVA was performed to examine sex and PA differences (considered as dichotomous discrete variables) in anxiety (continuous variable). The effect size was measured by partial eta-squared (η*<sup>p</sup>* 2), which describes the ratio of variance explained in the dependent variable by a predictor in the ANOVA model. The Tukey's honest significant difference test (HSD) was performed to examine post hoc differences between mean scores. The associations between mental health and PA were examined using binominal logistic regression analysis. The relationships between anxiety, COVID-19 impact, physical activity, and sex were examined using Pearson's correlation analysis. Finally, multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to find the moderation effect of physical activity and sex on the relationship between COVID-19 impact and anxiety. All analyses were performed using Statistica 13.3. (Statsoft Polska Sp. z o.o., Kraków, Poland)
