*Article* **Sustainable Construction: Improving Productivity through Lean Construction**

**Tamar Awad \*, Jesús Guardiola and David Fraíz \***

> Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical School of Engineering at ICAI, Comillas University, 28015 Madrid, Spain; jguardiola@comillas.edu

**\*** Correspondence: tawad@comillas.edu (T.A.); dfraiz@comillas.edu (D.F.)

**Abstract:** The objective of this article is to improve building productivity, evolving from traditional construction to industrial construction. The methodology used here consists of analysing the use of materials, the construction design, the design of the spatial distribution programme, the use of auxiliary means and resources and the application of lean tools in construction. The results achieved here include a complete building system that integrates the design, project and execution, wherein the construction process is improved and inconsistencies in the final project are reduced. With the application of an industrial manufacturing methodology, the productivity in construction is improved, reducing costs, materials, execution times and waste. These productivity improvements result in construction being more sustainable. As a conclusion of the previous analysis, the elements that must be integrated into a complete building project and the need to incorporate industrial manufacturing into construction processes in order to achieve sustainable architecture are established.

**Keywords:** lean manufacturing; modular construction; sustainability architecture; efficient buildings; sustainability; lean construction
