**5. Conclusions**

The breakdown and variety of pro-environmental forms of support in RDP 2014-20 is very diverse, as seen in the number of identified structural types. The range of instruments supporting and promoting green forms of agricultural land use is thus relatively wide. The analysis showed that, from a structural point of view, the implementation of proenvironmental measures is highly comprehensive, accurately reflecting real-world needs, and should be assessed positively, because the range of available support must meet the various needs of agriculture that result from the diversity of both environmental conditions and farm characteristics (e.g., farm size). One problematic issue diagnosed during the study is the quantitative aspect, especially the low, currently unsatisfactory share of agricultural land receiving subsidies from the measures in question. Their share in Poland averaged 9.2% of agricultural land, while the share of lands subsidised by organic farming programmes (with the most demanding qualification requirements) was only 3%. This percentage, compared to the EGD's postulated 25% of organic farming in the EU's total agricultural area, clearly indicates a major problem and challenge for Polish agriculture on its road towards sustainable development. Poland currently stands towards the back of the pack in terms of the share of land devoted to the organic farming of crops (with only Romania, Bulgaria and Ireland in worse positions) [55]. These relations indicate insufficient efforts by the institutions responsible for implementing EU funds in Poland.

To achieve the EGD objectives, it will be necessary to intensify activities to promote pro-environmental activities co-financed by the CAP. The authors recommend that this task should first focus on increasing the area of farmland subsidised by pro-environmental CAP support, taking into account the three subsidy types for the three specific types of agriculture:


Moreover, it is recommended to introduce changes to more rationally manage and target pro-environmental payments from AECM and OF activities, which would ultimately strengthen the synergistic effects resulting from the positive impact that non-conventional agriculture has on the preservation of natural ecosystems and biodiversity. The current state of affairs is reducing the effectiveness of support, which is not in line with CAP objectives. The changes should be based on, inter alia, a spatial criterion, i.e., one that takes into account the natural specificity of individual regions. Presently, synergistic effects are significantly limited and it is necessary to consider at least partially reorienting fund

allocations in a more territorial direction. The training of farmers in environmentally friendly farming methods is also necessary.

**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, R.R. and Ł.W.; methodology, R.R. and Ł.W.; formal analysis, R.R., Ł.W. and M.B.; investigation, R.R., Ł.W. and M.B.; resources, R.R., Ł.W. and M.B.; data curation, R.R. and Ł.W.; writing—original draft preparation, R.R., Ł.W. and M.B.; writing— review and editing, R.R., Ł.W. and M.B.; visualization, R.R., Ł.W. and M.B.; supervision, R.R.; project administration, R.R. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This research received no external funding.

**Institutional Review Board Statement:** Not applicable.

**Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable.

**Data Availability Statement:** Not applicable.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.
