*Article* **Healthy Power: Reimagining Hospitals as Sustainable Energy Hubs**

**Nicholas Gurie**ff **1,2,\* , Donna Green 2,3 , Ilpo Koskinen 2,4, Mathew Lipson 2,5 , Mark Baldry <sup>6</sup> , Andrew Maddocks <sup>1</sup> , Chris Menictas <sup>7</sup> , Jens Noack <sup>8</sup> , Behdad Moghtaderi <sup>1</sup> and Elham Doroodchi <sup>9</sup>**


Received: 21 September 2020; Accepted: 13 October 2020; Published: 16 October 2020

**Abstract:** Human health is a key pillar of modern conceptions of sustainability. Humanity pays a considerable price for its dependence on fossil-fueled energy systems, which must be addressed for sustainable urban development. Public hospitals are focal points for communities and have an opportunity to lead the transition to renewable energy. We have reimagined the healthcare energy ecosystem with sustainable technologies to transform hospitals into networked clean energy hubs. In this concept design, hydrogen is used to couple energy with other on-site medical resource demands, and vanadium flow battery technology is used to engage the public with energy systems. This multi-generation system would reduce harmful emissions while providing reliable services, tackling the linked issues of human and environmental health.

**Keywords:** energy transitions; hydrogen; energy storage; vanadium; flow battery; industrial ecology; co-benefits; multi-generation; power-to-X; energy networks
