**2. Methodological Approach**

Our paper includes both a literature review and case study. Existing research into ESD and SUD education has explored the challenges and best practices for educating students about sustainability whilst providing them with the core competencies to be agents of sustainable change. However, the extant literature on the topic can be characterized as fragmented and it is not easy to form a coherent and comprehensive view of key issues related to ESD, particularly in the context of SUD education. Therefore, in order to frame current thinking in ESD, a literature search was conducted in Google Scholar and Scopus. Relevant studies were reviewed to answer the following questions:


We then conduct a case study on the development and implementation of a new bachelor's degree program, which has been developed using the theoretical basis described

in the review. The purpose of the case study is not only to illustrate how theory is applied in practice, but also to highlight the context-specific nature of teaching and learning SUD, offering a situated account of a dynamic process through which theoretical ideas are translated into practice. Simultaneously, we add to existing academic discussion on SUD education by focusing on a less-studied geographical context and education level (bachelor's program). Our methods take inspiration from previous educational research with an ethnographic case study approach (e.g., [15,16]). This approach entails being immersed in natural environment of the research area and using an insider position to generate and analyze data. Our knowledge emerges both from previous literature and our own position as the developers and teachers of the bachelor's degree program. Data sources and methods include classroom observations, "field notes" by the lecturers, reflective discussions and exercises with SUD students assisted by the online mind map tool Flinga, and analysis of student learning diaries. When analyzing the data, we performed cross-checks to identify consistent themes and to resolve ambiguities that arose during some of the discussions. The combination of review and case study provides a useful way to obtain a comprehensive view of the complex phenomenon we are examining and provides answers to our research questions.
