*Communication Nemesignis***, a Replacement Name for** *Nemesis* **Furfaro & Mariottini, 2021 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Myrrhinidae), Preoccupied by** *Nemesis* **Risso, 1826 (Crustacea, Copepoda)**

**Giulia Furfaro 1,\* and Paolo Mariottini <sup>2</sup>**


**Abstract:** The genus *Nemesis* Furfaro & Mariottini, 2021, was recently introduced for an independent lineage of aeolid nudibranchs, and *Dondice banyulensis* Portmann & Sandmeier, 1960, established as its type species. Anyway, the presence of a senior homonym, *Nemesis* Risso, 1826, was evidently missed. In fact, in 1826, Risso established this genus for a group of Copepoda (Arthropoda, Crustacea) and according to the Principle of Priority (ICZN) only the senior homonym may be used as a valid name. Therefore, a new replacement name is here proposed. Furthermore, the genus name *Nanuca* Er. Marcus, 1957, has priority over *Dondice* Er. Marcus, 1958 and consequently, the species in this clade should be classified under *Nanuca*, mostly as new combinations.

**Keywords:** ICZN; *Dondice*; homonym; Heterobranchia

#### **1. Introduction**

The genus *Nemesis* Furfaro & Mariottini, 2021, was introduced based on evidence from a recent integrative systematic study [1] (Furfaro & Mariottini, 2021) for an independent lineage of aeolid nudibranchs, and *Dondice banyulensis* Portmann & Sandmeier, 1960 [2], was established as the type species. The newly identified lineage is currently monospecific and characterized by (i) the central cusp of the radular tooth that is not marked and a little longer than lateral denticles, (ii) the long distal and proximal deferent ducts of the male portion of the reproductive system and (iii) its inability to autotomise the cerata when stressed by possible predators. Just after the publication of our paper, Luigi Romani (Lucca, Italy) sent to us a letter (e-mail: 18.06.2021) where he noted that in our recent manuscript, we have evidently missed the existence of a senior homonym, *Nemesis* Risso, 1826 [3] (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature - ICZN, 1999: Article 53.2) [4]. In fact, in 1826, Risso established this genus for a group of Copepoda (Arthropoda, Crustacea) and according to the Principle of Priority (ICZN, 1999: Article 52.3) [4], when two or more names are homonyms, only the senior may be used as a valid name. Therefore, a new replacement name is here proposed under the Article 60.3 of ICZN. Furthermore, Philippe Bouchet (Paris, France) pointed out to us that *Nanuca* Er. Marcus, 1957 [5], has priority over *Dondice* Er. Marcus, 1958 [6]. Consequently, the species in this clade should be classified under *Nanuca*, mostly as new combinations.

#### **2. Results and Discussion**

#### **Taxonomy**

Familia Myrrhinidae Bergh, 1905 [7]

Genus *Nemesignis* **nom. nov.** pro *Nemesis* Furfaro & Mariottini 2021 (non Risso, 1826) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:DEED49D6-F89B-4D68-A8A3-E1071197264C **Type species.** *Dondice banyulensis* Portmann & Sandmeier, 1960.

**Citation:** Furfaro, G.; Mariottini, P. *Nemesignis*, a Replacement Name for *Nemesis* Furfaro & Mariottini, 2021 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Myrrhinidae), Preoccupied by *Nemesis* Risso, 1826 (Crustacea, Copepoda). *Life* **2021**, *11*, 809. https://doi.org/10.3390/ life11080809

Academic Editors: Koichiro Tamura, Andrea Luchetti and Federico Plazzi

Received: 6 July 2021 Accepted: 4 August 2021 Published: 10 August 2021

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**Copyright:** © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).

**Etymology.** The genus name *Nemesignis* comes from the union of the Greek word *Nemesis*, that recalls the homonymous Greek goddess and her role of compensatory justice, with the Latin word *Ignis*, that is the fire that burns and blazes, linked to the fiery red colour of the type species of the genus.

**Included species.** *N. banyulensis* (Portmann & Sandmeier, 1960).

Genus *Nanuca* Er. Marcus, 1957

**Type species.** *Nanuca sebastiani* Er. Marcus, 1957

= *Dondice* Er. Marcus, 1958 (type species: *Caloria occidentalis* Engel, 1925 [8])

**Included species.** *Nanuca sebastiani* Er. Marcus, 1957, *Nanuca galaxiana* (Millen & Hermosillo, 2012) **comb. nov.** [9], *N. occidentalis* (Engel, 1925) **comb. nov.**, *N. parguerensis* (Brandon & Cutress, 1985) **comb. nov.** [10], *N. trainitoi* (Furfaro & Mariottini, 2020) **comb. nov.** [11].

#### **3. Conclusions**

The presence of a senior homonym, which has priority over the recently stated *Nemesis* Furfaro & Mariottini, 2021, made this latter genus name as invalid and invoked the need for a replacement name according to the rules of the ICZN. Therefore, *Nemesignis* **nom. nov.** is here proposed as the new replacement name, under the Article 60.3 of ICZN and consequently, *Nemesignis banyulensis* (Portmann & Sandmeier, 1960) is its type species. Finally, since *Nanuca* Er. Marcus, 1957 has priority over *Dondice* Er. Marcus, 1958, the species in this clade should be classified under *Nanuca*, as *Nanuca galaxiana* (Millen & Hermosillo, 2012) **comb. nov.**, *N. occidentalis* (Engel, 1925) **comb. nov.**, *N. parguerensis* (Brandon & Cutress, 1985) **comb. nov.**, *N. trainitoi* (Furfaro & Mariottini, 2020) **comb. nov**.

**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, G.F. and P.M.; validation, G.F. and P.M.; writing—original draft preparation, G.F.; writing—review and editing, P.M.; supervision, G.F. and P.M. Both authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This research received no external funding.

**Institutional Review Board Statement:** Not applicable.

**Acknowledgments:** We are grateful to Luigi Romani (Lucca, Italy) for alerting us of this homonymy and to Philippe Bouchet (Paris, France) for his suggestions. We thank the two anonymous reviewers that helped to improve the manuscript. Finally, we would like to deeply thank Marco Oliverio (Rome, Italy) for his constant help.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.

#### **References**

