*4.3. GC–MS of Essential Oils*

The chemical composition of the volatile content of two studied EOs was determined using GC–MS- QP2010 Ultra analysis system (Shimadzu, Tokyo, Japan). Compounds were separated on an Inc DB-5 60 m × 0.25 mm/0.25 micron column (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA). The oven temperature program was initiated at 50 ◦C, held for 3 min, then increased at rate of 8 ◦C to 250 ◦C min−<sup>1</sup> and held for 10 min. The spectrophotometer was operated in electron impact mode. The injector, interface, and ion source were kept at 250 ◦C, 250 ◦C, and 220 ◦C, respectively. Split injection (1 μL diluted sample in n-hexane (1:1, *v*/*v*) injected) was conducted with a split ratio of 1:20 and column flow of 1.5 mL/min, and helium was the carrier gas.

Identification of the components of the sample was based on a comparison of their relative indices and mass spectra by computer matching with WILEY and National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST08) libraries data (http://webbook.nist.gov accessed on 20 November 2021) provided with the computer controlling GC–MS system. Individual isolated compound identifications were also performed by comparing their mass spectra and retention times with authentic compounds and literature data [73].
