*2.3. Estimation of Haze-Removal Image*

Haze removal can be calculated by modifying Equation (1) as follows:

$$\mathbf{J}(\mathbf{x}) = \frac{\mathbf{I}(\mathbf{x}) - \mathbf{A}}{\max\left(t(\mathbf{x}), t\_0\right)} + \mathbf{A},\tag{6}$$

where *t*(**x**) is the refined transmission map from patch-based transmission map ˜*t*(**x**), **A** is atmospheric light and *t*<sup>0</sup> is a parameter that is set to 0.1 to avoid division by a small value.
