4.4.2. Planning Process and Tools

Examining both the peculiarities of the planning process and the ways concerning how the planning practice is supported and improved allows focusing more on the deliberative making of plans, planning modes, formal and informal (complementary) planning tools, and project-oriented techniques. To ensure that the planning process and applicable or associated planning tools do not hinder the evolution of values as a part of the methodology for action, the following issues are relevant to consider:


• Dynamic changes if measuring a spatial planning-implementation linkage—besides the planning, also considering the implementation of plans in practice through decision-making in land-use management—thus ascertaining the movement from just formal institutionalised planning mode towards complementing informal planning arrangements.
