2.5.3. CT93 Model

The total energy dissipation due to the depth-induced wave breaking implemented in the CT93 model (proposed by Church and Thornton [51]) is related to *Hrms* through periodic linear bore theory, which can be given as follows:

$$D\_{\rm tot\\_CT93} = -\frac{3\sqrt{\pi}}{16}\overline{f}B^3 \frac{H\_{rms}^3}{d}M\left[1 - \frac{1}{\left[1 + \left(H\_{rms}/\gamma d\right)^2\right]^{5/2}}\right] \tag{11}$$

in which *M* is expressed as follows:

$$M = 1 + \tanh\left[8\left(\frac{H\_{rms}}{\gamma} - 1.0\right)\right] \tag{12}$$
