**Preface to "The Artificial Intelligence in Digital Pathology and Digital Radiology: Where Are We?"**

As a result of the incredible advances brought about by information and communication technology, as seen today in eHealth and mHealth, many new applications of both organ and cellular diagnostics are now possible. In the era of digitalization, we can focus specifically on the prospects of digital radiology and digital pathology.

Digital radiology includes the use of diagnostic imaging tools for organs based on systems compatible with digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM), known as DICOM-compliant. This comprehends not only instruments whose image formation processes are based on fields of interaction that use ionizing radiations, but also instruments based on ultrasound and magnetic fields (nuclear magnetic resonance), for example.

Digital pathology, on the other hand, includes the use of digital processes related to instrumentation for cell diagnostics, which mainly take two forms: histological and cytological. In this case, we refer to digital histology and digital cytology. However, other processes for digitizing information in biomedical laboratories are also included in this area, such as those relating to the integration of cytometric reports.

Artificial intelligence is extending into the world of both digital radiology and digital pathology, and involves many scholars in the areas of biomedicine, technology, and bioethics. These scholars are interested in the potential applications of artificial intelligence in feature recognition, diagnostics, automatic recognition, quality control, and other fields, including the limits and the associated problems. There is a particular need for scholars to focus on innovations in this field and the problems hampering integration in the health domain into a robust and effective process in stable health care models. Many professionals involved in these fields of digital health were encouraged to contribute with their experiences. This book contains contributions from various experts across different fields. Aspects of the integration in the health domain have been addressed. Particular space was dedicated to overviewing the challenges, opportunities, and problems in both radiology and pathology. Clinal deepens are available in cardiology, breast cancer, and colonoscopy. Dedicated studies based on surveys investigated students and insiders, opinions, attitudes, and self-perception on the integration of artificial intelligence in this field. We dedicate this book to all those involved with different roles in radiology and pathology processes in healthcare.

> **Daniele Giansanti** *Editor*
