*2.1. Chemicals*

The ACE (99.0% analytical standard) used in this study was purchased from the Aldrich Chemical Co. Solvents were purchased from Mallinckrodt, while all other chemicals were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (USA).

## *2.2. Sample Collection*

Samples were taken from the Guandu sampling site (25.11◦68.43 N, 121.46◦41.53 E) and Bali sampling site (25.15◦86.13 N, 121.43◦55.75 E) at Tamsui, northern Taiwan. Figure S1 shows the locations of the two sample collection sites. Sediments (0–15 cm) were collected in spring (March 2015). All samples from each sampling site were randomly collected, in triplicate, from an area approximately 1 m2. Adaptation was performed by adding 100 mg kg−<sup>1</sup> ACE to 500 g of sediment at 14-d intervals at 30 ◦C for 6 months under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. The sediment samples were analyzed for salinity, temperature, TOC, bacterial count, and ACE concentration. The salinity and temperature were measured by salinity/temperature meter (model 30, YSl, USA). The sediment samples were mixed in a ratio of 1:1 with distilled water in a beaker before inserting the probe. Readings were taken after allowing the instrument to stabilize. The TOC was measured using a TOC Analyzer (OI Analytical 1030 W, USA). The bacterial counts were enumerated by pour plate method and grown on R2A agar. Sediments properties for the Guandu and Bali sampling sites were listed in Table 1.


**Table 1.** Sediments properties for the two sampling sites.
