*3.3. Association between CVH and Incident AF*

Using the poor CVH group as a reference, the ideal CVH group had a significantly lower risk of incident AF (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.75, 95% confidence interval 0.61–0.92, *p* = 0.005), in model 1, adjusting for age gender, and regular alcohol intake (Table 2). Likewise, the ideal CVH group had a significantly lower risk of incident AF compared with the poor CVH group (HR = 0.79, 95% confidence interval 0.65–0.96, *p* = 0.02) in model 2, adjusting for age, gender, history of heart disease, history of stroke, alcohol intake, eGFR. In model 2, we also observed other factors that were significantly associated with increased or decreased risk for AF, including age (HR = 1.07, 95% confidence interval 1.06–1.08, *<sup>p</sup>* = 2.0 × <sup>10</sup><sup>−</sup>16), female sex (HR = 0.48, 95% confidence interval 0.41–0.57, *<sup>p</sup>* = 2.0 × <sup>10</sup><sup>−</sup>16), no history of heart disease (HR = 0.38, 95% confidence interval 0.32–0.45, *<sup>p</sup>* = 2.0 × <sup>10</sup><sup>−</sup>16), no history of stroke (HR = 0.78, 95% confidence interval 0.62–0.97, *p* = 0.029), not drinking alcohol (HR = 0.76, 95% confidence interval 0.63–0.92, *p* = 0.005), and eGFR (HR = 0.99, 95% confidence interval 0.989–0.998, *p* = 0.007).


**Table 2.** Association between cardiovascular health (CVH) score and incident atrial fibrillation in all participants. Model 1 was adjusted for age, gender, and regular alcohol intake. Model 2 was adjusted for age, gender, history of heart disease, history of stroke, regular alcohol intake, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The hazard ratio of the intermediate and ideal CVH groups was calculated using the poor CVH group as a reference.
