**Preface to "Mathematical Methods, Modelling and Applications"**

Reality is more complex than it seems. The segmentation of science does not help capture reality; each scientific point of view seems to be a partial mirror of the problem under consideration. A model is an approximation to represent an actual phenomenon in a simplified way, disregarding some factors but considering enough of them to achieve an acceptable answer. A mathematical model is an idealization of the phenomenon one wishes to represent in mathematical terms, typically an equation. The modelling process is divided in several parts:


The present book contains 21 articles accepted for publication in the Special Issue "Mathematical Methods, Modelling and Applications" of the MDPI Mathematics journal. The contents of the book are organized in the following way. Some papers are concerned with step (i) of the modelling process. Other papers are linked to step (ii). All the remaining papers are related to step (iii), covering a wide spectrum of methods, deterministic and random, algebraic and differential, in different fields of hydrodynamics, physics, and health sciences.

We would like to thank the MDPI publishing editorial team, the scientific peer reviewers and all the authors who contributed to this book. We are confident that the contents will be of value to researchers, academics and professionals involved in the resolution of real-world nature and social problems

> **Lucas J ´odar and Rafael Company** *Editors*
