**3. Results**

#### *3.1. Determining Aluminum Concentration in Breast Tissue*

Table 1 denotes a significant di fference ( α = 0.05) between the <sup>+</sup>2000Al/−NMU treatment and the other experimental treatments, with a value of 38.17 ± 2.49 μg of aluminum/g of mammary gland tissue.



\* = Al/NMU = ± Aluminum/± Nitrosomethylurea; \*\* = *p* value, Significant *p* ≤ 0.05. (α = 0.05). a or b = Different letters means statistical difference.

#### *3.2. Evaluation of Genomic Instability*

### 3.2.1. Histopathological Evaluation

Histopathological results (Figure 1) showed that the e ffect of the treatments corresponded to hyperplasia and that there was no evidence of cancer development, similar to the results obtained by some researchers [45,55,56].

**Figure 1.** The histological change found in the breast tissue of Sprague Dawley rats is shown with the different treatments used. Hyperplasia of the breast ducts was minimal (**D**) to moderate (**B**,**C**). Normal/negative control (**A**). HEx400.
