*2.1. Honey Samples*

A total of 36 commercial samples of honey purchased from supermarkets in 2017 (*n* = 19) or local food shops in 2019 (*n* = 17) were evaluated. Most of the samples, particularly from those from local food shops, declared the botanical and geographical origin on the label (Table 1).

Three honey samples (acacia, linden and honeydew) from local beekeepers and three di fferent commercial products based on medical-grade honeys: Vivamel ® (Toasama, Domzale, Slovenia), Revamil ® (Bfactory, Rhenen, Netherlands) and Activon Tube ® (Advancis Medical, Nottingham, UK) were also evaluated. All samples were immediately stored at 4 ◦C in the dark.

As a negative control artificial honey was prepared by dissolving 39 g d-fructose, 31 g d-glucose, 8 g maltose, 3 g sucrose, and 19 g distilled water, as described elsewhere [26].



\* honey originated from European union/non-European union countries.
