2.4.1. Sample Preparation

The method proposed by Schievano et al. was used and adjusted for available equipment to acquire 1H-NMR spectra of honey [21]. A total of 200 ± 3 mg of honey was dissolved in 1.0 mL of D2O buffer solution. The resulting solution was transferred to an NMR tube, and 1H-NMR spectra were acquired. D2O buffer solution was prepared by dissolving 1.02 g of KH2PO4 and 0.96 mg of NaN3 in 20 mL of D2O. The buffer solution pH was adjusted to 4.4 with 85% H3PO4.

### 2.4.2. 1H-NMR Spectra Acquisition

NMR spectra were acquired with Bruker BioSpin GmbH, Rheinstetten, Germany, Fourier300 spectrometer (working frequency of 300 MHz for 1H) equipped with a 5 mm DUL 13C-1H/D Z-gradient EasyProbe. 1H-NMR spectra were acquired with noesypr1d pulse program using 125 ms mixing time and −40 dBW presaturation power level during recycle delay and mixing time, 2 s relaxation delay (D1), 6103 Hz spectral width, 64k points of time-domain (TD), and 8 dummy scans (DS). The acquisition time for one scan was 5.37 s. Constant receiver gain (rg = 3) was used.

### 2.4.3. 1H-NMR Spectra Processing

Acquired 1H-NMR spectra were processed with MestReNova software (version 14.1.1). FID was zero-filled to 128k points, and exponential apodization (0.3 Hz) was used. Manual phase correction and automatic baseline correction (Whittaker smoother) were performed. Chemical shifts were referenced to α-glucopyranose doublet (δ = 5.320 ppm). 1H spectra were binned using signal integral sum 0.5–3.0, 6.0–9.0 ppm with a bin width of 0.01 ppm. The binned spectra were normalized to the total area.
