*4.6. Qualitative Assessment of Study Methodology*

For each of the included studies, the following data were presented: name of first author/names of all authors, year of publication, age of participants, sample size, type of intervention/intervention method, duration and frequency of intervention, instruments used to assess primary outcomes, and PEDro score. To analyze the effects of AAI on dementia patients based on these characteristics, the mean, standard deviation, and sample size of the intervention and control groups were computed (Table 1). We examined whether the direction of the effect size was identical across studies and if not, made them equal by multiplying the mean by −1 [79].
