*3.3. E*ff*ect of Nutritional Status on PUFA Metabolism*

In the HC group, there was a relationship between FAs in serum and GPR120 concentration. ALA (*R* = −0.46; *p* < 0.05), AA (*R* = −0.44; *p* < 0.05), DHA (*R* = −0.54, *p* < 0.05), and omega-3 FA (*R* = −0.41; *p* < 0.05) concentrations were inversely associated with GPR120. In the SZ group, FA serum concentration was not related to GPR120 (*p* > 0.05) (see Table 3, and Figure 1). The revealed relationships were not significant after Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons (*p* > 0.0083).

In the patient group, there were only positive relationships between EPA intake and serum FA concentration: ALA (*R* = 0.46; *p* < 0.05), AA, (*R* = 0.44; *p* < 0.05), DHA (*R* = 0.46; *p* < 0.05), and omega-3/omega-6 PUFA ratio (*R* = 0.35; *p* < 0.05) (see Table 4).

There were various correlations between FA intake and their concentration in serum in the HC group (see Figure 2). The serum concentration of DHA was positively associated with the intake of PUFAs (total amount) (*R* = 0.40; *p* < 0.05), LA (*R* = 0.40; *p* < 0.05), and omega-6 PUFAs (*R* = 0.39; *p* < 0.05) (see Table 4). A higher intake of DHA was associated with a lower serum concentration of ALA (*R* = −0.34; *p* < 0.05).

However, the relationships were not significant after Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons (*p* > 0.0017).

**Table 3.** The relationship between GPR120 and PUFA serum concentration.


<sup>1</sup> Expressed as a (DHA + EPA + ALA)/AA concentration; \* *p* < 0.05; NS—not significant. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was calculated.

**Figure 1.** The scatter plot of the relationship between GPR120 and PUFA serum concentration in the SZ group. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was calculated.

**Figure 2.** The scatter plot of the relationship between GPR120 and PUFA serum concentration in the HC group. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was calculated.


**Table 4.** Relationship between PUFA intake and their metabolism.

<sup>1</sup> Expressed as a (DHA + EPA + ALA)/AA concentration; \* *p* < 0.05; NS—not significant. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was calculated.
