*3.3. Identification of the PLES*

According to the spatial distribution results of the coupling coordination degree of the PLEF and the coupling coordination degree between every two of the PLEF, we designated the coordinated area of the PLEF as the balanced space of the PLEF. Moreover, we compared the relative advantages of the coupling and coordination degree between every pair of the PLEF within the scope of incongruous zones and break-in zones of the PLEF. Then, the incongruous zone and break-in zone of the PLEF were identified as production-living space (PLS) and production-ecological space (PES). In addition, according to the value of the PLEF, the incongruous zone between every two of the PLEF was divided into single production, living or ecological space. However, the areas of single production space and single living space identified were very small, and the corresponding land use types have both production and living functions; thus, the two single spaces are classified as production-living compound space. Finally, the PLES pattern of Jiangjin District was obtained. The PLEF can be identified as four categories of space—the production-livingecological balanced space (PLEBS), the production-living space (PLS), the productionecological space (PES) and the single ecological space (ES) (Figure 5). The proportions of the four categories of space are 32.04%, 3.41%, 15.83% and 48.72%. In general, the territorial space pattern of Jiangjin District presents the characteristics of the PLEBS and the ES as the main body, supplemented by the PLS and the PES.

**Figure 5.** Identification results of the PLES of Jiangjin District in 2018.
