*3.1. E*ff*ect of Diazoxide and Exercise on the Physiological Parameters of Obese Rats*

The effect of diazoxide, exercise, and their combination on bodyweight and fasting serum glucose levels was evaluated at the end of each treatment. Table 3 shows these values. The obese group increased bodyweight by 70.6% compared to the control group; however, in the groups of obese rats treated with diazoxide, exercise, and the combination of both, a reduction in bodyweight of 18.35% was observed, 17.62% and 22.69%, respectively, to the group of obese rats without treatments. In blood glucose levels, it was observed how obesity increased blood glucose levels by 28.08% concerning the control group; however, a reduction in said levels of 13.95% was observed in the group of obese rats treated with diazoxide, 21.49% in the exercise group, and 26.12% in the exercise with diazoxide group.

**Table 3.** Weight and glucose at the end of the treatments; C: control; D: diazoxide; E: exercise; O: obese; OD: obese diazoxide; OE: obese exercise; OED: obese exercise diazoxide; ED: exercise diazoxide. The data are represented as the mean ± standard error. Different letters indicate statistically significant differences between groups (*p* < 0.05) one-way ANOVA, Tukey post-hoc test, *n* = 8.


*3.2. E*ff*ect of Diazoxide and Exercise on Maximum and Total Tension and Time of Resistance to Fatigue of Slow and Fast Skeletal Muscle of Obese Rats*

To explore the effect of treatment with diazoxide, exercise, and the combination of both, maximum and total tension and fatigue resistance was assayed, a record of tension in the soleus muscle and EDL of the different groups was performed. Figure 1 shows the maximum and total tension and the resistance time to fatigue of the soleus muscle (A,C) and EDL (B,D). In the soleus muscle (Figure 1A) of obese rats, a 41.22% decrease in maximum tension, and a 50.18% decrease in total tension concerning the control group can be observed. However, an increase was observed in both tensions with each treatment, diazoxide and exercise, and even a better effect with the combination of both, since a 108.58% increment for maximum tension can be observed, and 115.03% in total tension. In comparison, the group of obese rats exercised presented an increase in maximum tension of 85.94% and 82.64% in total tension.

**Figure 1.** Effect of diazoxide and exercise on maximum, total tension, and time of resistance to fatigue of slow and fast skeletal muscle of obese rats. (**A**) Maximum tension and total soleus muscle tension, (**B**) maximum and total tension of the EDL muscle, (**C**) fatigue resistance time for soleus muscle, and (**D**) fatigue resistance time for EDL muscle. C: control; D: diazoxide; E: exercise; O: obese; OD: obese diazoxide; OE: obese exercise; OED: obese diazoxide exercise; ED: diazoxide exercise. Data are represented as the mean ± standard error. Different letters indicate statistically significant differences between groups, in graphs A and B, capital letters compare the maximum tension, lowercase letters compare the total tension (*p* < 0.05) two-way ANOVA, Tukey post-hoc test, *n* = 8.

Finally, in obese rats exercised with diazoxide, an increase of 162.12% was observed for maximum tension and 102.77% for total tension. EDL muscle (Figure 1B) of obese rats showed a decrease of 49.15% in the maximum tension and 56.17% for the total tension. However, there was an increase of both tensions with each treatment, and a more significant increase with the combination of both, since the obese group treated with diazoxide had an increase of 74.97% for maximum tension and 105.70% in total tension. In contrast, in the group of obese rats exercised there was an increase in the maximum tension of 29.28% and 63.28% in total tension was shown.
