*Review* **Polymer-Based Nanofiber–Nanoparticle Hybrids and Their Medical Applications**

**Mingxin Zhang <sup>1</sup> , Wenliang Song 1,\*, Yunxin Tang <sup>1</sup> , Xizi Xu <sup>1</sup> , Yingning Huang <sup>1</sup> and Dengguang Yu 1,2,\***


**Abstract:** The search for higher-quality nanomaterials for medicinal applications continues. There are similarities between electrospun fibers and natural tissues. This property has enabled electrospun fibers to make significant progress in medical applications. However, electrospun fibers are limited to tissue scaffolding applications. When nanoparticles and nanofibers are combined, the composite material can perform more functions, such as photothermal, magnetic response, biosensing, antibacterial, drug delivery and biosensing. To prepare nanofiber and nanoparticle hybrids (NNHs), there are two primary ways. The electrospinning technology was used to produce NNHs in a single step. An alternate way is to use a self-assembly technique to create nanoparticles in fibers. This paper describes the creation of NNHs from routinely used biocompatible polymer composites. Single-step procedures and self-assembly methodologies are used to discuss the preparation of NNHs. It combines recent research discoveries to focus on the application of NNHs in drug release, antibacterial, and tissue engineering in the last two years.

**Keywords:** polymer composites; nanoparticle; polymer blends; medical applications; electrospinning
