**5. Conclusions**

By critically assessing the data acquired through the analytical investigation of the St Theodoros icon, it was documented that the painter of this high-quality icon employed materials and painting techniques which are remarkably similar to those characterizing works of the renowned Angelos painter. In brief, the preliminary drawing was rendered in the typical Angelos manner, namely through **5. Conclusions**

**5. Conclusions**

*Heritage* **2020**, *3* FOR PEER REVIEW

a combination of brushstrokes and notably thin incisions; the facial characteristics were rendered through extremely skillful drawing. Similarly, flesh parts were painted with the same technique as the one encountered in Angelos' works. Other common features of the studied artifact and Angelos' icons include the addition of pigments in the gesso ground, the employment of high-grade lazurite for rendering blues and the use of yellow bole for gilding backgrounds. Although some of these techniques/materials do characterize icons of other Cretan painters of the same period, their simultaneous appearance in a single icon, along with the corresponding stylistic characteristics (archaeological perspective), collectively constitute a safe fingerprint of an Angelos painting. and Angelos' icons include the addition of pigments in the gesso ground, the employment of high-grade lazurite for rendering blues and the use of yellow bole for gilding backgrounds. Although some of these techniques/materials do characterize icons of other Cretan painters of the same period, their simultaneous appearance in a single icon, along with the corresponding stylistic characteristics (archaeological perspective), collectively constitute a safe fingerprint of an Angelos painting. **Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, G.P.M.; methodology, G.P.M., M.T. and E.F.; validation, G.P.M. and K.G.B.; formal analysis, G.P.M.; investigation, G.P.M. and K.G.B.; resources, G.P.M.; data curation, G.P.M. and M.T.; writing—original draft preparation, G.P.M.; writing—review and editing, G.P.M., K.G.B. and E.F.; technique as the one encountered in works. common of studiedand Angelos' icons include the addition of pigments in the the of high-grade lazurite for rendering blues and the use of yellow for gilding backgrounds. Although some of these techniques/materials do characterize icons of other Cretan painters the same period, their appearance in a single icon, with the corresponding characteristics (archaeological perspective),collectively constitute a safe fingerprintof an Angelos painting. **Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, methodology, M.T. and E.F.; validation, G.P.M. and K.G.B.; analysis, G.P.M.; investigation, G.P.M. and K.G.B.; resources, G.P.M.; data curation,G.P.M.

*Heritage* **2020**, *3* FOR PEER REVIEW 11

By critically assessing the data acquired through the analytical investigation of the St Theodoros icon, it was documented that the painter of this high-quality icon employed materials and painting techniques which are remarkably similar to those characterizing works of the renowned Angelos painter. In brief, the preliminary drawing was rendered in the typical Angelos manner, namely through a combination of brushstrokes and notably thin incisions; the facial characteristics were

icon, it documented the of this high-qualityemployedmaterials and paintingtechniques are remarkably similar those characterizing works of the renowned Angelos

painter.brief, drawing was rendered the typical Angelos manner, namely through a combination of brushstrokes and thin incisions; facial characteristics were

critically assessing the data acquired through the analytical investigation of the St Theodoros

**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, G.P.M.; methodology, G.P.M., M.T. and E.F.; validation, G.P.M. and K.G.B.; formal analysis, G.P.M.; investigation, G.P.M. and K.G.B.; resources, G.P.M.; data curation, G.P.M. and M.T.; writing—original draft preparation, G.P.M.; writing—review and editing, G.P.M., K.G.B. and E.F.; visualization, G.P.M.; supervision, K.G.B.; project administration, G.P.M.; funding acquisition, G.P.M. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. visualization, G.P.M.; supervision, K.G.B.; project administration, G.P.M.; funding acquisition, G.P.M. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. **Funding:** This research received no external funding. **Acknowledgments:** G.P.M. expresses his gratitude towards the Alexander S. Onassis Public Benefit Foundation M.T.; writingdraft preparation, G.P.M.; writing—review and editing, G.P.M.,K.G.B. and E.F.; visualization, supervision, project administration, funding G.P.M.All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.**Funding:** This research no external

**Funding:** This research received no external funding. for providing a Ph.D. scholarship. His eminence Dionysius, Metropolitan of Zakynthos, and the Abbey and the

**Acknowledgments:** G.P.M. expresses his gratitude towards the Alexander S. Onassis Public Benefit Foundation for providing a Ph.D. scholarship. His eminence Dionysius, Metropolitan of Zakynthos, and the Abbey and the Abbot of the Monastery of St Dionysius in Zakynthos, along with the General Directorate for the Restoration, Museums and Technical Works and the Directorate for Byzantine and Post-Byzantine Antiquities (both are divisions of the Greek Ministry of Culture and Sports) are sincerely acknowledged for providing sampling permissions. Special thanks are due to George Mitrikas (INN, NCSR 'Demokritos') for providing access to µ-Raman. Finally, G.P.M. thanks Giannis Kefallinos for providing accommodation during field-work in Zakynthos island. Abbot of the Monastery of St Dionysius in Zakynthos, along with the General Directorate for the Restoration, Museums and Technical Works and the Directorate for Byzantine and Post-Byzantine Antiquities (both are divisions of the Greek Ministry of Culture and Sports) are sincerely acknowledged for providing sampling permissions. Special thanks are due to George Mitrikas (INN, NCSR 'Demokritos') for providing access to μ-Raman. Finally, G.P.M. thanks Giannis Kefallinos for providing accommodation during field-work in Zakynthos island. **Acknowledgments:** G.P.M. expresses towards the S. Onassis Public Benefit Foundation for providing a Ph.D. scholarship. His eminence Dionysius, Metropolitan of and the Abbey and the Abbot of the of St Dionysius Zakynthos, along with the General Directorate the Restoration, Museums and Technical Works and the Directorate for and Post-Byzantine Antiquities (both are divisions of the Greek Ministry of and Sports) are sincerely acknowledged for providing sampling permissions. thanks are due to Mitrikas (INN, NCSR 'Demokritos') for providing access μ-Raman. G.P.M. thanks Kefallinos for providing accommodation during field-work Zakynthos island.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest. **Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest. **Conflicts of** The authors no conflict of interest.

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