2.2.2. Improvement

The data improvement activity refines the relationship between data signals and process models, and explains missing and necessary data. The data system requirements reside in process improvement activity. One can then calculate required data by making analytical computations, adding new technologies, or adding other sensors.

### 2.2.3. Standardization

The data standardization activity is the process of setting data systems into standard formats. It comprises the selection of common data language, structure, engineering metrics, and time/space Scales. Besides, data conciliation is a crucial task of data integration. Finally, the four language categories data structure comprises data definition language, data query language, data manipulation language, and transaction control language, in compliance with a processes database system.

#### 2.2.4. Integration and Feeding

Data integration and feeding aim to link and integrate the transactional system and analytical systems or models. On the one hand, integration connects data among devices with analytical models, devices with devices, and analytical models with analytical models. On the other hand, data feeding is in charge to structure, send, and deliver data. Thus, integration and feeding tasks focus on support optimization based on decision-making and process action execution that maximize the business's benefit. Besides, material resource planning, distribution requirement planning, or enterprise resource planning systems, as part of the analytical procedure, are setting up if required. As a result, the definition of data-to-parameters and data-to-sets is established, required by transactional models. Finally, at some point, this task considers the feed and integration of virtual systems.
