*3.2. Pyrolysis Oil Pretreatment*

The condensate produced by thermochemical conversion underwent pretreatment processes in order to remove the solids and aqueous phase contained. A filtration process using a Buchner funnel with a filter paper with a pore size of 40 μm was first carried out, followed by a second filtration using a filter paper with a pore size of 2 μm. Subsequently, the observable aqueous phase in the condensate was removed using a separation funnel. Hereinafter, the filtrate <2 μm without aqueous phase will be referred to as oil.

The amount and the mass fraction of the condensate, the filtered condensate, the solids and aqueous phase removed are summarized in Table 3. By means of pretreatment, 0.3846 kg solids (>40 μm), 0.6125 kg solids (2–40 μm), and 0.4739 kg aqueous phase were separated from the condensate, which correspond to mass fractions of 2.59 wt.%, 4.12 wt.%, and 3.19 wt.% of the initial crude condensate, respectively.

After the conducted pretreatment steps, the oil contained chlorine, bromine, and water concentrations of 4833 ± 785 ppm, 2251 ± 135 ppm, and 8267 ± 340 ppm, respectively. Halogen and water concentrations are depicted in Figure 3.


**Table 3.** Mass balance of condensate pretreatment.
