**3. Results**

#### *3.1. Selection of Studies*

The search in the selected databases allowed for the identification of 1430 articles (Figure 1). After eliminating duplicates, the included articles were selected from a pool of 814 articles obtained from digital sources and a manual search. The full text was read for 53 articles, and 21 studies were omitted for the reasons specified in Appendix A (Table A1). A total of 18 randomized clinical trials and 14 non-randomized clinical trials were included in this systematic review to assess the successful outcomes in managing immature young necrotic permanent teeth.

**Figure 1.** PRISMA 2020 flow diagram for systematic review that includes searches of databases.

#### *3.2. Characteristics of Studies*
