Abbreviations

MS: multiple sclerosis; RRMS: relapsing-remitting MS; CNS: central nervous system; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging; PPMS: primary progressive MS; SPMS: secondary progressive MS; HLA: human leucocyte antigens; SCFAs, short-chain fatty acids; EAE: experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; IFN: interferon; IL: interleukin; Treg: regulatory T cells; Th: T helper; DMTs: disease modifying therapies; SD: standard deviation; FFQ: food frequency questionnaire; F: female; M: male; BMI: body mass index; EDSS: expanded disability status score; Gd+: presence of gadolinium-enhancement brain lesions; ND: not determined; Gd-: Absence of inflammatory active lesions; AZA: Azathioprine; GA: Glatiramer acetate; TER: Teriflunomide; FTY720: Fingolimod; NAT: Natalizumab; REU: relative expression units; Ct: cycle threshold; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; OTUs: operational taxonomic units; PcoA: principal component analysis; BBB: blood-brain barrier.
