2.2.1. Cerrado Site

Measurements were conducted on an experimental site located on an inundation plain at Cantão State Park, 260 km west of the city of Palmas (Tocantins state, Figure 1) as a part of the Large-Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia (LBA). A micrometeorological tower equipped with an eddy covariance system and instruments for meteorological variable measurements were used. The tower was located 2 km east of the Araguaia River (9◦4927.9"S, 50◦0892.8"W, 120 m in altitude), 1 km east of the Javaézinho River, at the northern border of the Bananal Island, and south of Cantão State Park. The Araguaia plains, where the Bananal Island is located, is characterized by an exuberant landscape comprising Cerrado and Amazon biomes extending throughout three conservation units: Araguaia National Park, Cantão State Park and the Cantão Environmental Protection Area. The Bananal Island encompasses a total area of 21,000 km<sup>2</sup> (approximately 80 km × 260 km) and is the largest fluvial island in the world, covered mainly by savannas and pastures with seasonal inundations occurring from February to June [3]. The instrumental fetch area covers different types of physiognomies: cerradão, semi deciduous forests (trees with an average height of 20 m), cerrado s.s. and bare field areas with isolated lagoons. The climate in the region is warm and wet, with mean annual precipitation of approximately 1466 mm year −1 and 90% of the total precipitation occurring in the wet season between October and April [3]. Measurements comprise the period from January 2004 to December 2006.

**Figure 1.** Location of the study sites with the native extension of each biome.
