**6. Conclusions and Recommendations**

For the purpose of analyzing and estimating WE potential, it is critical that WS data are fitted to a correct statistical distribution with high precision. Then, using the parameters of the statistical distribution, potential WE and wind power can be calculated. Within the scope of this study, wind power and WE potential were calculated for Gda ´nsk, the capital of Pomerania Voivodeship—one of the most important regions in Poland in terms of WE potential. Goals of the study are to propose a novel approach for estimating TPWD's parameters by using EGO and to shed a bit more light on the topic of potential benefits of having city-type wind turbines in a city. For these purposes, a dataset that contains hourly WS information for Gda ´nsk was used. In the following step, the TPWD was fitted to the monthly and annual WS data using MLE with EGO, SA, DE, and GA. Performance of the EGO was compared with other techniques using RMSE and R2. Comparisons showed that EGO is providing more accurate estimations than other techniques. Using the parameters of the TPWD for annual data obtained by using EGO, potential WE and wind power for Gda ´nsk were calculated.

Based on the calculations, by having single Skystream 3.7 wind turbines in the city center of Gda ´nsk, 3281 kWh energy could be generated annually and this could bring revenue between 2263 PLN and 2559 PLN. These calculations revealed that city-type wind turbines might play an important role in generating electricity from WE. Erecting large wind turbines has limitations such as long distances between wind turbines and buildings according to the official regulations. If the city-type wind turbines were to be installed on the rooftops of residential buildings, shopping malls, or office buildings in Gda ´nsk city center, a portion of the electric energy needed by these buildings could be generated by using WE. However, payback periods and other potential limitations should be investigated.

The most important question is how to have widespread installation of smaller urbantype wind turbines. Two important directions should be emphasized here. The first direction is the development of entrepreneurship directed to the production of green energy. Undoubtedly, an important role is played here by business angels and the creation of sustainable startups. The creation of startups can most significantly translate into the widespread establishment of urban-type wind turbines by companies and consumer households [94–96]. Many startups should succeed in the market in this matter; then there is a need to transform the startup into a listed company in order to raise the necessary funds for development. In this case, it is important to decide the appropriate capital market and the timing of the market entry [97–100]. The second course of action is to focus on grassroo<sup>t</sup> civic initiatives; adequately targeted activities at the local level can play a key role in the community's approach to wind energy and the widespread use of urban-type wind turbines for energy production [101–103].

For future studies, the authors would like to consider not only calculating potential wind energy for different parts of the city but also potential challenges when it comes to

installing city-type wind turbines. In addition, they aim to expand the scope of the study by calculating wind energy potential for other cities in Pomerania Voivodeship.

**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, O.A. and B.I.; methodology, O.A. and B.I.; software, O.A. and B.I.; validation, O.A. and B.I.; formal analysis, O.A. and B.I.; investigation, O.A., B.I., K.K. and M.S.; resources, O.A. and B.I.; data curation, O.A. and B.I.; writing—original draft preparation, O.A. and B.I.; writing—review and editing, O.A., B.I., K.K. and M.S.; visualization, O.A. and B.I.; supervision, B.I.; project administration, B.I. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This research received no external funding.

**Institutional Review Board Statement:** Not applicable.

**Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable.

**Data Availability Statement:** Data available on request due to restrictions. The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.
