2.3.7. Nanofibers Yield

The nanofiber yield of CLCNF and LCNF was determined and calculated using centrifugation. Briefly, the nanofiber suspension with a concentration of 0.2 wt% was centrifuged at a rate of 4000 rpm for 20 min to separate nanofibers (in supernatant) and non-nanofiber parts (in sediment). After carefully discarding the supernatant, the sediment was dried at 104 ◦C. A nanofiber yield of CLCNF and LCNF was calculated according to the following formula:

$$Namofibers\ yield = \frac{W\_L - W\_s}{W\_L} \times 100\% \tag{1}$$

where *WL* is the weight of dried lignocellulose in the suspension before centrifugation and *WS* is the weight of dried sediment after centrifugation.
