*2.6. Selection of Study*

Two independent reviewers performed the screening procedure. Duplicate articles were excluded, and the selection and exclusion processes through the title, abstract, and full-text review were performed sequentially. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) were adopted.

Randomized controlled clinical trial studies (RCTs) adopting the following three designs and including adult patients with LHIVD were selected based on the PICO approach:

