*2.5. Statistical Analysis*

The data for body and organ weights, food and water consumptions, as well as hematology and clinical biochemistry results, was checked for normality using Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests. Normally distributed data were analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), while in not normally distributed cases, Kruskal-Wallis test was used. In cases where statistically significant differences were noted, Post-Hoc tests were used to elucidate the differences between the control and treated groups. Male and female data were analyzed separately. When there was any death during the study period, the data for body weight, food intake and water intake were included up until the last recorded weekly data and then excluded thereafter. Consequently, the hematology, clinical biochemistry and organ weight data were excluded for animals that died in the group. The actual sample size is denoted in the result figures and tables. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 18.0 statistical software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) and GraphPad Prism 7.0 software (GraphPad Software, La Jolla, CA, USA). Statistically significant differences were considered when *p* < 0.05.

#### **3. Results**

### *3.1. Single Dose Acute Oral Toxicity Study*

No mortality was recorded during the 14-day observation period and the TS showed no sign of toxicity. No major findings were detected in the body weight and food intake parameters of the TS (Table A1). Internal and external examination of the TS and organs revealed no abnormalities. It was concluded that the test item exerted no acute toxicity in the TS.
