**5. Conclusions**

The results of the present study indicate that acute doses of CAF, between 3 and 6 mg/kg/b.m., ingested before the onset of an explosive resistance exercise produced an overall effect on mean power output and mean bar velocity during a BPT training session in a group of habitual CAF users. The main effect in mean power and bar velocity was found in several sets during the trial which may indicate that the use of CAF was effective in increasing performance in the whole training session. In contrast, no significant changes were observed for peak power output and peak bar velocity. These results suggest that the ingestion of CAF prior to ballistic exercise can enhance the outcomes of resistance training. However, the results of our study refer only to power output and bar velocity of the upper limbs during the BPT with an external load of 30% 1 RM and further investigations should consider the effect of CAF with different loads or the use of lower-body exercises.

**Author Contributions:** Data curation, M.W., A.F., M.K., and M.G.; formal analysis, M.W., A.F.; investigation, M.W., A.F., M.K., and M.G.; methodology, M.W. and A.F.; project administration, A.F., M.K., and M.G.; software, A.F., M.K., and M.G.; supervision, M.W., A.Z., and J.D.C.; writing—original draft, M.W., A.F., M.K., and J.D.C.; writing—review and editing, M.W., A.Z., and J.D.C. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This study would not have been possible without our participants' commitment, time and effort. The study was supported and funded by the statutory research of the Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Poland.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
