*Article* **Acculturation, Health Behaviors, and Social Relations among Chinese Immigrants Living in Spain**

**Barbara Badanta <sup>1</sup> , Juan Vega-Escaño <sup>2</sup> , Sergio Barrientos-Trigo 1,\* , Lorena Tarriño-Concejero <sup>1</sup> , María Ángeles García-Carpintero Muñoz <sup>1</sup> , María González-Cano-Caballero 3,\*, Antonio Barbero-Radío 3 , Domingo de-Pedro-Jimenez <sup>4</sup> , Giancarlo Lucchetti <sup>5</sup> and Rocío de Diego-Cordero <sup>3</sup>**


**Abstract:** This study aims to identify acculturation experiences about social relations and health behaviors of first-generation Chinese immigrants in the South of Spain, including food patterns, physical exercise, and tobacco and alcohol use. A phenomenological qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews, informal conversations, and field notes. All data were analyzed under the Berry's Model of Acculturation. A total of 133 Chinese immigrants were included. Our findings show that separation was the dominant acculturation strategy, followed by integration and assimilation, while marginalization was not present in this immigrant population. Most of the immigrant population maintains a link to the customs of their home country, favoring the process of identity and collective self-esteem. These results can help health managers and the government to further understand Chinese immigrants in Europe and to establish appropriate health interventions to this group.

**Keywords:** acculturation; emigration and immigration; health behaviors; qualitative method; Spain
