**4. Conclusions**

In conclusion, although many analytes can be applied for HIVDR genotyping, their performance varies. Each analyte has its pros and cons from practicability and applicability perspectives. No single analyte could satisfy all requirements and applications. The suitability of an analyte for HIVDRT depends on: (1) the resource availability and accessibility; (2) the target viral population (circulating cell-free HIV viral particle vs. cell-associated HIV provirus); (3) the ease and convenience of the specimen acquisition, transportation, and storage; (4) the expected assay sensitivity, precision, and reproducibility; and (5) the downstream application (i.e., clinical monitoring vs surveillance) of the data obtained from the HIVDR assay. The optimal analyte selection always relies on the trade-off between test accountability and logistical capacity. A combined application of all such analytes is inevitable when varied application needs and requirements are present. Although their performance varies, all analytes contribute to the enhanced HIVDR managemen<sup>t</sup> in unique ways, especially in RLS.

**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, H.J.; Writing—Original Draft Preparation, H.J.; Writing—Review and Editing, H.J. and P.S. Both co-authors have read and approved this submitted version of the manuscript for publication. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This research received no external funding.

**Institutional Review Board Statement:** Not applicable.

**Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable. **Acknowledgments:** This work is fully funded by the National Microbiology Laboratory Branch of the Public Health Agency of Canada, to which both co-authors are affiliated.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funder had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.
