*4.4. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)*

It should be noted that the fractured surface for base metals was studied comparatively with specimen C. The elimination of other specimens was due to the fact that there was no distinction on the surface morphology for the other specimens. Figures 16 and 17 show the surface morphologies of the base metals and weldment (joint). All the specimens showed a cup-like dimpled fracture, which is a characterization of ductile failure mode [30,32,33]. The similarity in surface fracture suggests that the ductility of the materials involved in the joint formation was preserved post welding even though there was some percentage of elongation variation.

**Figure 16.** Micrograph of parent material.

**Figure 17.** Micrograph of the welded specimen.
