*4.1. Scenario 1: Normal*

In this case, it is assumed that the network is in operation with the presence of DGSs, and no false data injection attack has been performed on the network load and unit prices. According to Table 5, the optimal production and profit of each of the operating units in the 14-bus network is given. In this case, cheap generators 1 and 2 in both cases are wind production in the production line, while the more expensive generators 3, 4 and 5 are not used. Figure 5 shows LMPs on different buses without network attacks.


**Table 5.** Status of units in normal mode.

**Figure 5.** LMPs on different buses without network attacks.

DGSs are also in operation, as shown in Table 5. It should be noted that these optimal results will lead to optimal network status. Bus node prices are reduced and stabilized, network congestion is managed, and network social welfare is maximized. As a result, ISO can contract with distributed generation units in accordance with these optimal production values. The results are obtained by the powerful GAMS optimization software. In this case, social welfare is 3554.
