*2.9. Statistical Analysis*

In the blood-sampling cohort, VT,IDIF was compared against the reference VT,AIF with data presented as mean ± SD. Error percentage, presented as mean ± SD, was calculated

for VT,IDIF using VT,AIF as the gold standard value. Linear mixed-effect model was used to examine the correlation between VT,IDIF and VT,AIF, treating the subject as a random effect with or without the region as a fixed effect.

In the nonblood-sampling cohort, the subjects were divided into the HAB and MAB groups based on the individual genotypes of TSPO binding. The VT,IDIF of the HAB group was compared to that of the MAB group through an unpaired two-sample *t*-test. Significance was set as *p* < 0.05. The same analysis was also performed for the SUV as well as VT,REF to evaluate their differences between the HAB and MAB groups. Linear mixed effect model was used to evaluate whether there was a significant difference between the HAB and MAB under SUV, VT,IDIF, and VT,REF, respectively, adjusting for the effects of region with subject as a random effect.
