*2.4. Statistical Analysis*

Due to a small sample size, we performed a Kruskal–Wallis test, which is a nonparametric comparison of the difference of the means without a normality assumption, to examine the differences between SA + VUV and S + VUV + BS in vitro and among SA, SA + VUV and SA + VUV + BS in vivo, with a statistical significance of *p* < 0.05 at α = 0.05. All statistical analyses were performed using SAS, version 9.4 (SAS Inc., Cary, NC, USA).
