**5. Conclusions and Recommendation**

In the present study, the detailed analyses show that this study offers background information on the groundwater parameters and factors that affect groundwater quality. This paper can aid water resource planners in coming up with management plans to safeguard the local population's health. The water quality index of this area is poor, and it is to be improved with the immediate inclusion of proposals for the rejuvenation of groundwater.

Liwa aquifer is exploited beyond the reasonable limit. It will permanently change the subsurface landscape in the coming decades. Given the observed water quality parameters, it is proposed that some of the stringent actions must be levied on the exploiters of this jewel of water in the Liwa basin. The water quality index of this region is alarmingly high, and the stakeholders in this region must mitigate the problem with immediate sustainable solutions.

The excess dumping of the wastes and improper groundwater extraction are assumed to be the main reasons behind this physicochemical variability observed in the water samples. The local geology might also affect this variability, and it is yet to be studied over all the study areas. This study combined the multivariate, geostatistical, and physicochemical analysis; however, complete hydrological analysis in the watershed, HRU, etc., could not be conducted. This is attributed to the local non-conducive conditions.

This area is devoid of the undulations and inundations of the terrain with almost indiscriminate relief. The data is collected once, and the second attempt to collect groundwater samples was not feasible due to budgetary and administrative constraints. If this had been materialized, there might have been a more intense comparative study with the dynamics of groundwater quality parameters. Due to the unavailability of the two-date data, there were no attempts to compare pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon groundwater quality. **Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, I.B.S. and M.S.; Methodology, M.S. and J.K.M.; Software, M.S. and J.K.M.; Validation, I.B.S., Y.N. and F.M.H.; Formal analysis, M.S., J.K.M. and C.M.X.; Investigation, M.S. and J.K.M.; Resources, Y.N. and F.M.H.; Data curation, M.S. and Y.N.; Writing—original draft preparation, I.B.S., M.S. and J.K.M.; Writing—review and editing, I.B.S., M.S., J.K.M. and C.M.X.; Visualization, M.S.; Supervision, I.B.S.; Funding acquisition, I.B.S. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This project was funded by the Research Office, Zayed University, United Arab Emirates (Project No. R 21005).

**Institutional Review Board Statement:** Not applicable.

**Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable.

**Data Availability Statement:** The data used in this research work will be supplied for those interested upon request with no reservations.

**Acknowledgments:** The authors would like to thank Faculty and staff of Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, for their support in conducting and reporting this research.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.
