*Article* **Influence of Organic Matter/Bacteria on the Formation and Transformation of Sulfate Green Rust**

**Julien Duboscq 1, Julia Vincent 2, Marc Jeannin 1, René Sabot 1, Isabelle Lanneluc 2, Sophie Sablé 2 and Philippe Refait 1,\***


**Abstract:** The corrosion processes of carbon steel immersed in natural seawater are influenced by microorganisms due to important biological activity. An analysis of the corrosion product layers formed on carbon steel coupons in natural or artificial seawater revealed that sulfate green rust GR(SO4<sup>2</sup>−) was favored in natural environments. In this paper, the role of organic matter/bacteria on the formation and transformation of this compound are addressed. GR(SO4<sup>2</sup>−) was precipitated from Fe(II) and Fe(III) salts in the presence of various marine bacterial species not involved in the redox cycle of Fe or S. Abiotic experiments were performed for comparison, first without any organic species and then with sodium acetate added as a small organic ion. The obtained aqueous suspensions were aged at room temperature for 1 week. The number of bacteria (CFU/mL) was followed over time and the solid phases were characterized by XRD. Whatever the fate of the bacteria (no activity, or activity and growth), the formation of GR(SO4<sup>2</sup>−) was favored and its transformation to magnetite completely inhibited. This effect is attributed to the adsorption of organic molecules on the lateral sides of the GR(SO4<sup>2</sup>−) crystals. A similar effect, though less important, was observed with acetate.

**Keywords:** marine corrosion; steel; green rust; X-ray diffraction; microbiologically influenced corrosion; biofilm; bacterial activity
