*Article* **Aggressiveness of Different Ageing Conditions for Three Thick Marine Epoxy Systems**

**Alexis Renaud 1, Victor Pommier 1, Jérémy Garnier 1, Simon Frappart 2, Laure Florimond 3, Marion Koch 4, Anne-Marie Grolleau 2, Céline Puente-Lelièvre 5 and Touzain Sebastien 1,\***

	- Chantiers de l'Atlantique, BD de la <sup>L</sup>égion d'Honneur, 44600 Saint-Nazaire, France; marion.koch@stx.fr
	- IRT Jules Verne, CHEM Chaffault, Le Chaffault, 44340 Bouguenais, France; celine.puente-lelievre@irt-jules-verne.fr

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**Abstract:** Three different coated steel systems were aged in natural or artificial seawater, in neutral salt spray (NSS), and using alternate immersion tests in order to evaluate the aggressiveness of the different ageing conditions. Commercial epoxy coatings were applied onto steel (S355NL), hotgalvanized steel (HDG), and Zn-Al15 thermal spraying coated steel. The defect-free systems were immersed in artificial seawater at 35 ◦C for 1085 days and in natural seawater for 1200 days and were characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Panels with artificial defects were immersed for 180 days in artificial seawater and, regarding adhesion, were evaluated according to ISO 16276-2. In parallel, the three coated systems were submitted to cyclic neutral salt spray (NSS) for 1440 h: defect-free panels were regularly evaluated by EIS, while the degree or corrosion was measured onto panels with artificial defect. After NSS, defect-free panels were immersed in artificial seawater at 35 ◦C for further EIS investigations. Finally, alternate immersion tests were performed for 860 days for the three defect-free coated systems and for 84 days for panels with a defect. The results showed that, for defect-free panels, immersions in natural or artificial seawater and NSS did not allowed us to distinguish the three different systems that show excellent anticorrosion properties. However, during the alternate immersion test, the organic coating system applied onto HDG presented blisters, showing a greater sensitivity to this test than the two other systems. For panels with a defect, NSS allowed to age the coatings more rapidly than monotone conditions, and the coating system applied onto steel presented the highest degree of corrosion. Meanwhile, the coating systems applied onto HDG and the thermal spray metallic coating showed similar behavior. During the alternate immersion test, the three coated systems with a defect showed clearly different behaviors, therefore it was possible to rank the three systems. Finally, it appeared that the alternate immersion test was the most aggressive condition. It was then proposed that a realistic thermal cycling and an artificial defect are needed when performing ageing tests of thick marine organic coating systems in order to properly rank/evaluate the different systems.

**Keywords:** epoxy marine coatings; accelerated ageing tests; thermal cycling; EIS; corrosion degree
