*4.2. DNA Isolation and Genotyping PCR*

Embryos and placentas were lysed in tissue lysis buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl (Roth, Karlsruhe, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany; #9090.1), 100 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (AppliChem, Darmstadt, Hessen, Germany; #A4975), 100 mM NaCl (AppliChem, Darmstadt, Hessen, Germany; #A1149), 1% (*w*/*v*) SDS (Merck, Darmstadt, Hessen, Germany; #817039), and 10 mg/mL proteinase K (Merck, Darmstadt, Hessen, Germany; #1245680500)), while DNA from adherent cells was obtained using cell lysis buffer (10 mM NaCl (AppliChem, Darmstadt, Hessen, Germany; #A1149), 10 mM Tris, 10 mM EDTA, 0.5% sarcosyl, and 1 mg/mL proteinase K (Merck, Darmstadt, Hessen, Germany)). DNA was precipitated using isopropanol, pelleted by centrifugation, and washed twice with ethanol (80%). The pellet was then resuspended in H2O (dd) at 37 ◦C. Using NanoDrop 1000 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), concentration and purity of obtained DNA was measured. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using PCR primers. Primer sequences are listed in Supplementary Materials Table S1.
