**1. Introduction**

Remote sensing (RS) is a method for understanding the ground and for facilitating human–ground communications. New developments in RS have led to HR (highresolution) monitoring of the ground on a global scale, giving a huge amount of ground observation data. Thus, AI-based deep learning approaches and its applied signal processing are required for RS. These approaches can be universal or specific AI tools, including well-known neural networks, regression methods, decision trees, etc. In this Special Issue, we aimed to describe recent developments and trends regarding topics such as advanced AI-based deep learning techniques and RS data processing. Sixteen papers were finally published in this Special Issue.
