*3.1. Training Process Results*

During the experiment, we recorded the performance of the M-O SiamRPN with a multi-optimization loss function. The losses in the training process are illustrated in Figure 10. Obviously, the loss decreased rapidly within 10 epochs and leveled off after the 15th epoch. It can be observed that the proposed framework did not suffer from underfitting and overfitting problems, which indicates that our dataset is reasonable and the proposed model is matched to the dataset.

**Figure 10.** Losses of the M-O SiamRPN with multi-optimization: (**a**) The loss of classification branch; (**b**) The loss of location regression branch; (**c**) The total loss.
