(1) Earth surface type

The earth surface type data is obtained from the global land cover maps (Glob-Cover [36]) developed and demonstrated by ESA. The theme legend of GlobCover is compatible with that of the UN Land Cover Classification System (LCCS).

As shown in Table 2, GlobCover is a static global gridded surface type map with a resolution of 300 m and 23 classification types. Since the surface type labels of GlobCover are encoded as one-hot vectors, they are rearranged in this study.

**Table 2.** The description of the earth surface type label.



