*2.2. Extraction Procedure*

The extraction of the stilbenes from the vine shoots was carried out according to Vergara et al. [29], with some modifications. Briefly, an aliquot of vine shoots (2 g) was added with 16 mL of an ethanol/water solution (80:20 *v*/*v*) and sonicated in an ultrasonic bath (CP104 Standard Ultrasonic Cleaning Machine, CEIA, Padova, Italy) at room temperature and 50 Hz for 5 min. The extract was centrifuged (SL 16R Centrifuge, Thermo Scientific, MA, USA) at 10,000× *g* for 5 min, the supernatant was separated, filtered through Whatman filter paper (GE Healthcare, Milan, Italy) (67 g m<sup>−</sup>2), and then filtered using nylon filters of 0.45 μm (Sartorius Stedim Biotech Gmbh, Göttingen, Germany) and used for chemical characterization. Extractions were carried out in duplicate for each condition tested.
