*Article* **An Evolving Fuzzy Neural Network Based on Or-Type Logic Neurons for Identifying and Extracting Knowledge in Auction Fraud †**

**Paulo Vitor de Campos Souza 1,\*, Edwin Lughofer 1, Huoston Rodrigues Batista 2 and Augusto Junio Guimaraes 3**


**Abstract:** The rise in online transactions for purchasing goods and services can benefit the parties involved. However, it also creates uncertainty and the possibility of fraud-related threats. This work aims to explore and extract knowledge of auction fraud by using an innovative evolving fuzzy neural network model based on logic neurons. This model uses a fuzzification technique based on empirical data analysis operators in an evolving way for stream samples. In order to evaluate the applied model, state-of-the-art neuro-fuzzy models were used to compare a public dataset on the topic and, simultaneously, validate the interpretability results based on a common criterion to identify the correct patterns present in the dataset. The fuzzy rules and the interpretability criteria demonstrate the model's ability to extract knowledge. The results of the model proposed in this paper are superior to the other models evaluated (close to 98.50% accuracy) in the test.

**Keywords:** evolving fuzzy neural network; or-neuron; auction fraud; knowledge extraction

**MSC:** 68T35
