**4. Results and Discussion**

The optimal scheduling is performed for minimizing the electricity purchase cost from the PL. In Table 3, the electricity price at the 7th and 8th timeslots is high, and the low prices are at the 4th, 5th, 3rd, and 6th slots. Therefore, the PL operator can use the time slots optimally to minimize the charging cost. The charging scheduling is presented for EVs with prior reservations and for EVs arrived without a reservation. Three cases are compared, the first case represents the 20 EVs that come with an appointment (base case), the second case represents 5 EVs (such as EVs 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20) arriving without an appointment, and the third case represents 10 EVs (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20) arriving without an appointment. The PL is also provided with a microgrid, i.e., the power generated from the DGs is used in the MG case whenever the MG price is less than the grid price. Furthermore, the dynamic scheduling by FIFS, PSO, and SFLA is investigated, and the results are presented and discussed with and without the microgrid scenario considered.
