*2.2. WPT System Configuration*

In this paper, we have considered a WPT system classified as WPT2/Z3 by the standard SAE J2954 [4]. The input power is set to 7.7 kVA and the operational frequency is fixed to 85 kHz. For the assessment of these kinds of WPT systems, a time-harmonic formulation is sufficient because the harmonic content is negligible [19]. Furthermore, it is possible to assume a continuous sinusoidal wave even in the case that the actual waveform would be a sinusoidal burst [10].

The clearance between the receiving coil and the ground is set to 200 mm. Each coil is made of 8 turns, and the current flowing into a single turn is 26 A for the transmitter and j26 A for the receiver. Both coils are shielded by two thin layers of aluminum and ferrite with an outer dimension of approximately 420 <sup>×</sup> 420 mm<sup>2</sup> , as shown in Figure 1.

In order to investigate the worst exposure scenario, both the case of perfect alignment (see Figure 1a,b) and of maximum misalignment, as suggested by SAE J2954 [4]—i.e., *d<sup>x</sup>* = −75 mm and *d<sup>y</sup>* = 100 mm (see Figure 1c,d)—were considered.

In contrast with [15], where the WPT system was placed below the car floor on the driver's side, two different locations were selected: one under the bonnet (see Figure 2) and the other under the baggage compartment (see Figure 3). This was done to avoid interference with the battery pack, which is normally placed between the rear and front wheels.

**Figure 1.** WPT2/Z3 system with perfect alignment (**a**,**b**) and maximum misalignment (**c**,**d**).
