*2.2. DNA Extraction and PCR-RFLP Analysis*

Whole-genomic DNA was extracted using the protocol described in [59]. The concentration of the extracted DNA and its quality were checked both with a spectrophotometer (NanoPhotometer, IMPLEN, Germany) and an agarose gelelectrophoresis.

The PCR-RFLP method described by [42] was used to distinguish *A. m. carnica* from *A. m. macedonica*. For the amplification of mtDNA COI fragment, the following primers were used: 50 -GATTACTTCCTCCCTCATTA-30 [60] and 50 -AATCTGGATAGTCTGAATAA-3 0 [53]. The PCR amplification of the COI fragment and subsequent digestion with *Nco*I and *Sty*I restriction enzymes were performed according to the protocol described in [46,61].
