*4.8. Circular Dichroism*

The CD of native and glycated samples of HSA (2.2 µM), either with or without garlic extracts (0.78–100 µg/mL), was recorded on a Jasco J 810 spectropolarimeter (Tokyo, Japan). The spectropolarimeter has a temperature-controlled sample cell holder attached to a NESLAB model RYE 110 water bath (Tokyo, Japan). [1]. Path length of cuvettes used was 1–10 mm. Each spectrum was the average of three scans. CD spectra were recorded over a wavelength range of 200 to 280 nm and sensitivity of at 5 mm/millidegree (mdeg). Sodium phosphate buffer (20 mM, pH 7.4) was used to prepare all protein solutions. Presence of secondary structural elements was estimated as relative percentage by Chen and Yang equation [19].
